https://wri-irg.org/fr?language=fr fr https://wri-irg.org/en/story/2010/war-necessary-obtain-justice?language=fr <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'ds_entity_view' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-entity-view.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'ds_1col' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * ds-1col--node--11003.html.twig * ds-1col--node-story-rss.html.twig * ds-1col--node-story.html.twig * ds-1col--node-rss.html.twig * ds-1col--node.html.twig x ds-1col.html.twig x ds-1col.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-1col.html.twig' --> <div data-history-node-id="11003" class="node node--type-story node--view-mode-rss ds-1col clearfix"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node-post-date---custom.html.twig * field--expert--node--node-post-date--story.html.twig * field--expert--node--story.html.twig * field--expert--node--node-post-date.html.twig * field--expert--node-post-date--story.html.twig * field--expert--story.html.twig * field--expert--node-post-date.html.twig * field--expert.html.twig * field--ds-field-expert.html.twig * field--node--node-post-date--story.html.twig * field--node--node-post-date.html.twig * field--node--story.html.twig * field--node-post-date.html.twig * field--ds.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-field-expert.html.twig' --> <time > 28 Sep 2010</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-field-expert.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--body--rss.html.twig * field--default--node--body--story.html.twig * field--default--node--story.html.twig * field--default--node--body.html.twig * field--default--body--story.html.twig * field--default--story.html.twig * field--default--body.html.twig * field--default.html.twig * field--theme-ds-field-default.html.twig * field--node--body--story.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--story.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><p>Le <a href="http://www.gmfus.org">« German Marshall Fund »</a> des États Unis effectue une étude annuelle sur les grandes « tendances transatlantiques », dont on peut faire une lecture intéressante. Une des questions posées est : « <em>Merci de nous dire dans quelle mesure vous êtes d'accord avec l'affirmation suivante : dans certaines circonstances, la guerre est nécessaire pour obtenir justice.</em> » (Q29.2). Les réponses sont assez révélatrices (cf le graphique ci-dessous).</p> <!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'filter_caption' --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/filter/templates/filter-caption.html.twig' --><figure role="group"><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'entity_embed_container' --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/entity_embed/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --><div alt="in « Transatlantic Trends: Topline data 2009 », http://www.gmfus.org/trends/doc/2009_French_Top.pdf" data-embed-button="image_embed" data-entity-embed-display="image:responsive_image" data-entity-embed-display-settings="{&quot;responsive_image_style&quot;:&quot;body_inline_half&quot;,&quot;image_link&quot;:&quot;&quot;}" data-entity-type="file" data-entity-uuid="5756b512-fd89-4835-94df-2868a0627c5f" title="La guerre est-elle nécessaire pour obtenir justice ?" data-langcode="fr" class="embedded-entity"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'responsive_image_formatter' --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/responsive_image/templates/responsive-image-formatter.html.twig' --><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'responsive_image' --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/modules/responsive_image/templates/responsive-image.html.twig' --><!-- THEME DEBUG --><!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --><!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap/templates/system/image.html.twig' --><p><img srcset="/sites/default/files/public_files/styles/large/public/images/WarNecessary4Justice-French.home.png?itok=n7IBImtx 1x" src="/sites/default/files/public_files/styles/large/public/images/WarNecessary4Justice-French.home.png?itok=n7IBImtx" alt="in « Transatlantic Trends: Topline data 2009 », http://www.gmfus.org/trends/doc/2009_French_Top.pdf" title="La guerre est-elle nécessaire pour obtenir justice ?" typeof="foaf:Image" class="img-responsive" /></p> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap/templates/system/image.html.twig' --><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/responsive_image/templates/responsive-image.html.twig' --><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/responsive_image/templates/responsive-image-formatter.html.twig' --></div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/entity_embed/templates/entity-embed-container.html.twig' --><figcaption>in « Transatlantic Trends: Topline data 2009 », <a href="http://www.gmfus.org/trends/doc/2009_French_Top.pdf">http://www.gmfus.org/trends/doc/2009_French_Top.pdf</a></figcaption></figure><!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/modules/filter/templates/filter-caption.html.twig' --><p> Est-ce une surprise si plus de 50% en Grande Bretagne et aux États-Unis sont affirmatifs (avec pour les USA en 2009 : 37% de « très d'accord » et and 34% de « plutôt d'accord » et pour la Grande Bretagne en 2009 : 20% de « très d'accord » et 35% « plutôt d'accord ») ? Il est intéressant de noter que dans ces deux pays responsables de la guerre en Irak et en Afghanistan, une proportion élevée de la population considère que la guerre est parfois une nécessité, plus qu'en Turquie, pays dont la culture militaire est très visible. La plupart des pays européens suivent loin derrière : 18% pour la France, 19% pour l'Allemagne, 16% en Itale, 29% au Pays-Bas, 19% pour la Poland, etc.</p> <p>Cependant, la bonne nouvelle est que pour la plupart des pays, les chiffres ont constamment baissé y compris aux États-Unis et en Grande Bretagne, mais plus encore en France, Allemagne, Italie ou Pologne.</p> <p>Source: « Transatlantic Trends: Topline data 2009 », <a href="http://www.gmfus.org/trends/doc/2009_French_Top.pdf">http://www.gmfus.org/trends/doc/2009_French_Top.pdf</a></p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--field-programmes-projects--rss.html.twig * field--expert--node--field-programmes-projects--story.html.twig * field--expert--node--story.html.twig * field--expert--node--field-programmes-projects.html.twig * field--expert--field-programmes-projects--story.html.twig * field--expert--story.html.twig * field--expert--field-programmes-projects.html.twig * field--expert.html.twig * field--ds-field-expert.html.twig * field--node--field-programmes-projects--story.html.twig * field--node--field-programmes-projects.html.twig * field--node--story.html.twig * field--field-programmes-projects.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-field-expert.html.twig' --> <div class="field--label tags--label field-label-above">Programmes &amp; Projects</div> <div class="wri-main--tags"> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/en/taxonomy/term/1?language=fr" hreflang="en">Right to Refuse to Kill</a></span> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-field-expert.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--field-countries--rss.html.twig * field--expert--node--field-countries--story.html.twig * field--expert--node--story.html.twig * field--expert--node--field-countries.html.twig * field--expert--field-countries--story.html.twig * field--expert--story.html.twig * field--expert--field-countries.html.twig * field--expert.html.twig * field--ds-field-expert.html.twig * field--node--field-countries--story.html.twig * field--node--field-countries.html.twig * field--node--story.html.twig * field--field-countries.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-field-expert.html.twig' --> <div class="field--label tags--label field-label-above">Countries</div> <div class="wri-main--tags"> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/216?language=fr" hreflang="fr">Etats-Unis d&#039;Amerique</a></span> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/92?language=fr" hreflang="fr">Royaume-Uni</a></span> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/201?language=fr" hreflang="fr">Espagne</a></span> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/255?language=fr" hreflang="fr">Slovaquie</a></span> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/130?language=fr" hreflang="fr">Roumanie</a></span> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/116?language=fr" hreflang="fr">Portugal</a></span> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/214?language=fr" hreflang="fr">Pologne</a></span> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/192?language=fr" hreflang="fr">Pays-Bas</a></span> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/112?language=fr" hreflang="fr">Italie</a></span> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/101?language=fr" hreflang="fr">Allemagne</a></span> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/123?language=fr" hreflang="fr">France</a></span> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/222?language=fr" hreflang="fr">Bulgarie</a></span> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-field-expert.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--field-theme--rss.html.twig * field--expert--node--field-theme--story.html.twig * field--expert--node--story.html.twig * field--expert--node--field-theme.html.twig * field--expert--field-theme--story.html.twig * field--expert--story.html.twig * field--expert--field-theme.html.twig * field--expert.html.twig * field--ds-field-expert.html.twig * field--node--field-theme--story.html.twig * field--node--field-theme.html.twig * field--node--story.html.twig * field--field-theme.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-field-expert.html.twig' --> <div class="field--label tags--label field-label-above">Theme</div> <div class="wri-main--tags"> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/en/taxonomy/term/64?language=fr" hreflang="en">International Law</a></span> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/en/taxonomy/term/60?language=fr" hreflang="en">Civil disobedience/NVDA</a></span> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-field-expert.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap/templates/system/links.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap/templates/system/links.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--comment--rss.html.twig * field--default--node--comment--story.html.twig * field--default--node--story.html.twig * field--default--node--comment.html.twig * field--default--comment--story.html.twig * field--default--story.html.twig * field--default--comment.html.twig * field--default.html.twig * field--theme-ds-field-default.html.twig x field--node--comment--story.html.twig * field--node--comment.html.twig * field--node--story.html.twig * field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/wri_main/templates/field/field--node--comment--story.html.twig' --> <section class="comments"> <h2>Ajouter un commentaire</h2> <drupal-render-placeholder callback="comment.lazy_builders:renderForm" arguments="0=node&amp;1=11003&amp;2=comment&amp;3=comment" token="sUGsTOhpZrNY2vIip9P5hGtzp-MVHtFbQLHL_yrMLyA"></drupal-render-placeholder> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/wri_main/templates/field/field--node--comment--story.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-1col.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-entity-view.html.twig' --> Wed, 15 Sep 2010 16:37:01 +0000 warresisters 11003 at https://wri-irg.org https://wri-irg.org/fr/story/2010/la-guerre-est-elle-necessaire-pour-obtenir-justice?language=fr#comments https://wri-irg.org/en/story/2008/bulgaria-conscription-ended?language=fr <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'ds_entity_view' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-entity-view.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'ds_1col' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * ds-1col--node--1310.html.twig * ds-1col--node-story-rss.html.twig * ds-1col--node-story.html.twig * ds-1col--node-rss.html.twig * ds-1col--node.html.twig x ds-1col.html.twig x ds-1col.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-1col.html.twig' --> <div data-history-node-id="1310" class="node node--type-story node--view-mode-rss ds-1col clearfix"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node-post-date---custom.html.twig * field--expert--node--node-post-date--story.html.twig * field--expert--node--story.html.twig * field--expert--node--node-post-date.html.twig * field--expert--node-post-date--story.html.twig * field--expert--story.html.twig * field--expert--node-post-date.html.twig * field--expert.html.twig * field--ds-field-expert.html.twig * field--node--node-post-date--story.html.twig * field--node--node-post-date.html.twig * field--node--story.html.twig * field--node-post-date.html.twig * field--ds.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-field-expert.html.twig' --> <time > 01 jan 2008</time> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-field-expert.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--body--rss.html.twig * field--default--node--body--story.html.twig * field--default--node--story.html.twig * field--default--node--body.html.twig * field--default--body--story.html.twig * field--default--story.html.twig * field--default--body.html.twig * field--default.html.twig * field--theme-ds-field-default.html.twig * field--node--body--story.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--story.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><p></p><p>Le 25 novembre 2007, les 2 413 soldat finissant leur service sont entrés dans l'histoire comme étant les derniers conscrits bulgares de l'histoire.</p> <p></p><p>En 1998, l'armée bulgare comprenait 115 000 unités, ce qui était totalement inefficace au regard des difficultés économiques de l'époque. Le gouvernement d'alors, de concert avec le ministère de la défense, adopta ce qu'on a appelé le Plan 2004, qui prévoyait une diminution des effectifs à 45 000 soldats pour la fin 2004 et la fin de la conscription pour 2007.</p> <p></p><p>Mettre un terme à la conscription est assez simple, surtout quand celle-ci est stipulée dans la loi. Cependant, avec la fin de la conscription, la problématique pour l'armée est de trouver des volontaires pour être soldats professionnels. Bien que le processus de recrutement ait débuté il y a quelques années, ça ne se bouscule pas au portillon.</p> <p></p><p>Le problème se pose particulièrement pour l'armée de terre. « <i>La professionalisation en cours de l'armée de terre en est actuellement à 83 % du processus</i> » a indiqué aux journalistes le lieutenant-général Ivan Dobrev, commandant de l'armée de terre, le 25 novembre dernier. « <i>400 à 450 soldats quittent l'armée chaque année, le recrutement se poursuivra donc les années qui viennent,</i> » dit-il. Pour surmonter cette difficulté, l'armée fait de nombreux efforts pour rendre attractif l'idée de rejoindre l'armée auprès des jeunes. Des spots publicitaires sont régulièrement diffusés sur la Télévision National Bulgare et un site internet spécifique, profarmy.bg, a été lancé offrant selon ses termes, l'opportunité de devenir « <i>l'un d'entre nous</i> ».</p> <p></p><p>En outre, la Bulgarie – où le droit à l'objection de conscience fut déjà mal appliqué pour les conscrits – ne reconnaît pas ce droit pour les soldats professionnels.</p> <p></p><p><i>Sources</i>: <a href="http://www.sofiaecho.com/article/bulgarias-last-conscripts/id_26420/catid_5">The Sofia Echo</a>, du 30 novembre 2007</p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap/templates/field/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--field-countries--rss.html.twig * field--expert--node--field-countries--story.html.twig * field--expert--node--story.html.twig * field--expert--node--field-countries.html.twig * field--expert--field-countries--story.html.twig * field--expert--story.html.twig * field--expert--field-countries.html.twig * field--expert.html.twig * field--ds-field-expert.html.twig * field--node--field-countries--story.html.twig * field--node--field-countries.html.twig * field--node--story.html.twig * field--field-countries.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-field-expert.html.twig' --> <div class="field--label tags--label field-label-above">Countries</div> <div class="wri-main--tags"> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/222?language=fr" hreflang="fr">Bulgarie</a></span> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-field-expert.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--field-theme--rss.html.twig * field--expert--node--field-theme--story.html.twig * field--expert--node--story.html.twig * field--expert--node--field-theme.html.twig * field--expert--field-theme--story.html.twig * field--expert--story.html.twig * field--expert--field-theme.html.twig * field--expert.html.twig * field--ds-field-expert.html.twig * field--node--field-theme--story.html.twig * field--node--field-theme.html.twig * field--node--story.html.twig * field--field-theme.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-field-expert.html.twig' --> <div class="field--label tags--label field-label-above">Theme</div> <div class="wri-main--tags"> <span class="rel-tag" > <a href="/en/taxonomy/term/57?language=fr" hreflang="en">Conscientious objection</a></span> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-field-expert.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'links__node' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * links--node.html.twig x links.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap/templates/system/links.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/contrib/bootstrap/templates/system/links.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--comment--rss.html.twig * field--default--node--comment--story.html.twig * field--default--node--story.html.twig * field--default--node--comment.html.twig * field--default--comment--story.html.twig * field--default--story.html.twig * field--default--comment.html.twig * field--default.html.twig * field--theme-ds-field-default.html.twig x field--node--comment--story.html.twig * field--node--comment.html.twig * field--node--story.html.twig * field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/wri_main/templates/field/field--node--comment--story.html.twig' --> <section class="comments"> <h2>Ajouter un commentaire</h2> <drupal-render-placeholder callback="comment.lazy_builders:renderForm" arguments="0=node&amp;1=1310&amp;2=comment&amp;3=comment" token="wKaZLebBLqNk9f1xmHfYY4umxvthf8jJ6fu2-Hrqm2k"></drupal-render-placeholder> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/wri_main/templates/field/field--node--comment--story.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-1col.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/contrib/ds/templates/ds-entity-view.html.twig' --> Tue, 01 Jan 2008 00:00:00 +0000 warresisters 1310 at https://wri-irg.org https://wri-irg.org/fr/story/2008/bulgarie-fin-de-la-conscription?language=fr#comments